TECHNOLOGY FOCUS

The rapid growth of the microelectronics industry has historically focused on semiconductor technology, with packaging being a secondary consideration.  However, with the challenges of device fabrication at advance nodes and the need for integrating diverse devices, such as sensors, MEMS, and compound semiconductors, packaging has become a primary focus for new product development.  This course will provide basic information on packaging technology and provide guidance on how to choose the best packaging options in order to meet system performance and cost requirements.

Materials and Processing Overview
Materials and Processing Overview

COURSE CONTENT

This course covers design considerations, packaging materials, assembly processes, yield, and reliability.  

WHO SHOULD ATTEND

The course is addressed to a broad audience and is not intended as a research review, although it will be taught at a high level and in many areas will require familiarity with the subject matter.

Materials and Processing Overview

Day 1
1. Introduction;   

a.  Basic package requirements. 
     i. Cost, Size, Thermal, System Performance, Yield, Reliability

b. Basic assembly flow
     i. Wire bond
     ii. Flip-chip

c. Device types
    i. microprocessors
    ii. memory
    iii. power semiconductors.
    iv. sensors/MEMS

d. Wafer fabrication
    i. process flow
    ii. bond pads
    iii. die seal

2. First level packaging

a. Wafer thinning

b. Wafer saw
    i. Si
    ii. SiC, GaAs, GaN

c. Substrate,
   i. Lead Frame
   ii. Organic
   iii. Flexible
   iv. Laminate
   v. Ceramic

d. Die attach
   i. Epoxy adhesives
   ii. Eutectic solders
   iii. Underfill

e. Interconnect
    i. Wire bond;  Au, Cu, Al, wedge bond
    ii. Tape-automated bonding (TAB)
    iii. Solder bumps
    iv. Cu pillars

 f. Mold compound

Day 2
3. Advanced Packaging.  

a. Quad Flat Packs (QFP)

b. Quad flat No lead (QFN)

c. Ball Grid Array (BGA)

d. Wafer-level packaging (WLP)
   i. Fan-in
   ii. Fan-out (FO-WLP)
   iii. Redistribution Layers (RDLs)

e. System in Package (SiP)

f. Multi chip modules (MCMs)

g. Stacked packages.
    i. Package on package (PoP)
    ii. Package in Package (PiP)

h. Interposers
   i. 3D chip stacking
   i. Wafer bonding
   ii. Through-Silicon Vias (TSVs)
   iii. Assembly

4. Specialized packages

a. RF

b. MEMS

c. Sensors

d. Photonics

d. Hermetic

Day 3
5. Second level packaging.  

a. Design

b. Connections
   i. Pins
   ii. Solder
    iii. Interposer

c. Component placement

d. Routing

e. Solder Masks

6.  Mechanical Design

a. Vibration analysis

b. Fatigue and creep

7. Thermal Design

a. Heat transfer,

b. Thermal Resistance,

c. Thermal Interface Materials,

d. Heat spreaders and Heat sinks,

8. Reliability

a. Failure Mechanisms
   i. Die Fracture
   ii. Metal corrosion
   iii. Wire sweep
   iv. Bond pad damage
   v. Wire bond / solder bump fatigue
   vi. Mold compound cracking
   vii. Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
   viii. Electrical Overstress (EOS)

b. Reliability stresses.
   i. Pre-conditioning
   ii. High Temperature Storage
   iii. Thermal cycle
   iv. Humidity
   v. Consumer vs Automotive applications

c. Accelerated Degradation Modeling
    i. Reliability statistics
    ii. Diffusion-related failure models
    iii. Fracture-related failure models

d. Test coverage

e. Failure analysis

9. Future Trends.